--- title: First, the Duke's horse was killed, and when he rose to his feet, Gu… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: First, the Duke's horse was killed, and when he rose to his feet, Guenes, being mounted on a very swift charger, made at him, and ran him through with a spear, so that he fell dead upon the plain. Who acts: Duke. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Ch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/96/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How the Duke Benes Came By His End](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/) / 96 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Duke Benes Came By His End, sentence 96 First, the Duke's horse was killed, and when he rose to his feet, Guenes, being mounted on a very swift charger, made at him, and ran him through with a spear, so that he fell dead upon the plain. **Who acts:** Duke · **What happens:** kill, rise, mount, make, run, fall · **To what, where:** horse, feet, swift charger, Duke, plain This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Duke Benes Came By His End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:4:96 # text = First, the Duke's horse was killed, and when he rose to his feet, Guenes, being mounted on a very swift charger, made at him, and ran him through with a spear, so that he fell dead upon the plain. 1 First first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 8 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Duke Duke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 5 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 6 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 killed kill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 11 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 13 advmod _ _ 12 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 rose rise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 Guenes Guenes PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 21 aux:pass _ _ 21 mounted mount VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 conj _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 24 very very ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 swift swift ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 charger charger NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 parataxis _ _ 29 at at ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 34 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ _ 35 through through ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 36 with with ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 spear spear NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 40 so so SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 43 mark _ _ 41 that that SCONJ IN _ 40 fixed _ _ 42 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 44 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 xcomp _ _ 45 upon upon ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 plain plain NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **kill** | past · passive | | the Duke's horse | | | | first *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **rise** | past | Duke | | | Duke's feet | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to foot=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **mount** | gerund · passive | Duke *not said here* | | | a swift charger | | | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: on charger=Destination | | 4 | **make** | participle | | | | | | at Duke | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 5 | **run** | past | Duke *not said here* | Duke | | | | with a spear; through *property* | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Product with spear=Material | | 6 | **fall** | past | Duke | | | the plain | | dead *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon plain=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 95](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/95/) - next →: [sentence 97](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/97/) - ↑ back to [How the Duke Benes Came By His End](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/4/)