---
title: The Duke, thinking that Geoffrey had fulfilled his commandment, said… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Duke, thinking that Geoffrey had fulfilled his commandment, said, "Not so, my nephew; these are soldiers whom I have sent for that they may slay you." Who acts: Duke, Geoffrey, Barons. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 66

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The Duke, thinking that Geoffrey had fulfilled his commandment, said, "Not so, my nephew; these are soldiers whom I have sent for that they may slay you."

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**Who acts:** Duke, Geoffrey, Barons · **What happens:** think, fulfil, say, be, send, slay · **To what, where:** commandment, soldiers, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, Geoffrey, Barons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:40:66
# text = The Duke, thinking that Geoffrey had fulfilled his commandment, said, "Not so, my nephew; these are soldiers whom I have sent for that they may slay you."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	Geoffrey	Geoffrey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	fulfilled	fulfil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	commandment	commandment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	parataxis	_	_
24	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	27	obj	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
33	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | the Duke *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **fulfil** | past · perfect | Geoffrey | Duke's commandment |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Duke |  |  |  |  | my nephew *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | this soldiers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **send** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the Duke *= duke* | this soldiers |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme |
| 6 | **slay** *in a quote* | may | Barons *= baron* | you |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
| 7 | **command** |  | Duke |  |  |  |  |  | nom commandment «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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