---
title: Geoffrey, on his part, said to the prisoners, "Show yourselves men,… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Geoffrey, on his part, said to the prisoners, "Show yourselves men, fair sirs, and suffer not a single pagan to escape!" Who acts: Geoffrey. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, with its dependency tree and
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 68

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Geoffrey, on his part, said to the prisoners, "Show yourselves men, fair sirs, and suffer not a single pagan to escape!"

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**Who acts:** Geoffrey · **What happens:** say, show, not suffer, escape · **To what, where:** prisoners, men, single pagan · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Geoffrey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:40:68
# text = Geoffrey, on his part, said to the prisoners, "Show yourselves men, fair sirs, and suffer not a single pagan to escape!"
1	Geoffrey	Geoffrey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	prisoners	prisoner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Show	show	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
14	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	iobj	_	_
15	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	sirs	sir	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	pagan	pagan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | past | Geoffrey |  | the prisoners |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to prisoner=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **show** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | men and fair sirs | the prisoners *= prisoner* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent yourselves=Recipient man=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **suffer** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a single pagan |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pagan=Stimulus |
| 4 | **escape** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | a single pagan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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