---
title: Gerames said to Huon, "Now, sir, it is time for you to blow your hor… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Gerames said to Huon, "Now, sir, it is time for you to blow your horn, for unless there come to us some help we shall scarce see another day." Who acts: Gerames, castle, Huon, we. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duk
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 75

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Gerames said to Huon, "Now, sir, it is time for you to blow your horn, for unless there come to us some help we shall scarce see another day."

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**Who acts:** Gerames, castle, Huon, we · **What happens:** say, be, blow, come, see · **To what, where:** Huon, time, horn, help, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerames, castle, Huon, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:40:75
# text = Gerames said to Huon, "Now, sir, it is time for you to blow your horn, for unless there come to us some help we shall scarce see another day."
1	Gerames	gerame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Huon	Huon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	sir	sir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	blow	blow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl	_	_
18	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
24	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
28	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	scarce	scarce	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	acl:relcl	_	_
33	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	34	det	_	_
34	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gerames |  | Huon |  |  | sir *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to huon=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | castle | time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **blow** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Huon | your horn |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |
| 4 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | infinitive | Huon *not said here* | some help | us | there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to we=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **see** *in a quote* | shall | we | some help *not said here* |  |  | day | scarce *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer help=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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