--- title: As for the Duke, he was slain without mercy, for he was an evil man,… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: As for the Duke, he was slain without mercy, for he was an evil man, and had sinned against knowledge, and they hanged his body on a gibbet that was set upon the wall, that his end might serve as an example for others. Who acts: King, Gerames, end. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelv --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/92/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [Of the End of the False Duke Macaire](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/) / 92 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 92 As for the Duke, he was slain without mercy, for he was an evil man, and had sinned against knowledge, and they hanged his body on a gibbet that was set upon the wall, that his end might serve as an example for others. **Who acts:** King, Gerames, end · **What happens:** slay, be, sin, hange, set, serve · **To what, where:** King, body, gibbet, wall This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Gerames, end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:40:92 # text = As for the Duke, he was slain without mercy, for he was an evil man, and had sinned against knowledge, and they hanged his body on a gibbet that was set upon the wall, that his end might serve as an example for others. 1 As as ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 4 case _ _ 2 for for ADP IN _ 1 fixed _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Duke Duke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 slain slay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 without without ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 mercy mercy NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 15 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 sinned sin VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 conj _ _ 22 against against ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 knowledge knowledge NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 hanged hange VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 on on ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 gibbet gibbet NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 nsubj:pass _ _ 34 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux:pass _ _ 35 set set VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 acl:relcl _ _ 36 upon upon ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 wall wall NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 40 that that SCONJ IN _ 44 mark _ _ 41 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 43 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 parataxis _ _ 45 as as ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 48 for for ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 50 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **slay** | past · passive | | King | | | | as the Duke; without mercy | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **is** | past | King | | | | | for a evil man | tree rules | | 3 | **sin** | past · perfect | | | | | | against knowledge | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against knowledge=Maleficiary | | 4 | **hange** | past | Gerames *= gerame* | King's body | | a gibbet | | | tree rules | | 5 | **set** | past · passive | | a gibbet | | the wall | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme upon wall=Destination | | 6 | **serve** | might | King's end | | | | | as a example; for others | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as example=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 91](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/91/) - next →: [sentence 93](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/93/) - ↑ back to [Of the End of the False Duke Macaire](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/)