---
title: But when he passed from the gates to the hall, and from the hall to… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: But when he passed from the gates to the hall, and from the hall to a chamber, and from this to other chambers, and saw no one, only dead men lying here and there, he was not a little astonished. Who acts: Huon, dead men. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfre
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 20

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But when he passed from the gates to the hall, and from the hall to a chamber, and from this to other chambers, and saw no one, only dead men lying here and there, he was not a little astonished.

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**Who acts:** Huon, dead men · **What happens:** pass, see, lie, not be · **To what, where:** gates, one

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon, dead men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:41:20
# text = But when he passed from the gates to the hall, and from the hall to a chamber, and from this to other chambers, and saw no one, only dead men lying here and there, he was not a little astonished.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	parataxis	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	conj	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	chambers	chamber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
29	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	30	det	_	_
30	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	only	only	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
33	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
35	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	34	acl	_	_
36	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	35	advmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
40	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
41	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
42	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	45	advmod	_	_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	obl:unmarked	_	_
45	astonished	astonished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | Huon |  |  | the gates |  | to the hall; from the hall to a chamber; to other chambers; this *conj* | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from gate=Initial\_Location to hall=Destination |
| 2 | **see** | past |  | no one  dead men |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund | dead men *not said here* |  |  | here; there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **is** | past | Huon |  |  |  |  | a little *obl:unmarked*; astonished *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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