--- title: When he came near to the city, he perceived that the woods were crow… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: When he came near to the city, he perceived that the woods were crowded with wayfarers, some that went a-hawking and some that came back from their sport, and merchants, and travellers, with horses and carriages. Who acts: Huon, woods, some. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/61/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came t…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/) / 61 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon, sentence 61 When he came near to the city, he perceived that the woods were crowded with wayfarers, some that went a-hawking and some that came back from their sport, and merchants, and travellers, with horses and carriages. **Who acts:** Huon, woods, some · **What happens:** come, perceive, be, go, come back, sport · **To what, where:** city, merchants, hawking, sport This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon, woods, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:41:61 # text = When he came near to the city, he perceived that the woods were crowded with wayfarers, some that went a-hawking and some that came back from their sport, and merchants, and travellers, with horses and carriages. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ _ 4 near near ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 perceived perceive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 woods wood NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 crowded crowded ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 ccomp _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 wayfarers wayfarer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 21 nsubj _ _ 20 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 21 nsubj _ _ 21 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ SpaceAfter=No 23 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 24 hawking hawking NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 28 nsubj _ _ 27 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 28 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 29 back back ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 30 from from ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 sport sport NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 merchants merchant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 travellers traveller NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 40 with with ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 carriages carriage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Huon | | | the city | | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to city=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **perceive** | past | Huon | merchants and travellers and horses and carriages | | | | | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **is** | past | the woods | | | | | with wayfarers; crowded *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | past | some | a hawking | | | | that *nsubj* | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hawking=Theme | | 5 | **come back** | past | some | | | woods's sport | | that *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from sport=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **sport** | | woods *= wood* | | | | | | nom sport «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/60/) - next →: [sentence 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/62/) - ↑ back to [How Huon, Having Slain a Giant, Came to Babylon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/41/)