---
title: Gerames made no answer, doubting what might be in the damsel's heart… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Gerames made no answer, doubting what might be in the damsel's heart, and fearing that it might be a device for discovering the truth concerning himself. Who acts: Gerames, answer, device, truth. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon Re
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon Returned, His Errand Fulfilled, sentence 33

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Gerames made no answer, doubting what might be in the damsel's heart, and fearing that it might be a device for discovering the truth concerning himself.

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**Who acts:** Gerames, answer, device, truth · **What happens:** make, doubt, be, fear, discover, concern · **To what, where:** answer, heart, device, truth, Huon · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon Returned, His Errand Fulfilled. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerames, answer, device, truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:42:33
# text = Gerames made no answer, doubting what might be in the damsel's heart, and fearing that it might be a device for discovering the truth concerning himself.
1	Gerames	gerame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	doubting	doubt	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	advcl	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	14	nsubj	_	_
8	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	damsel	damsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	fearing	fear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	advcl	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
20	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	ccomp	_	_
24	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	discovering	discover	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	acl	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	27	acl	_	_
29	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Gerames | no answer |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset answer=Product |
| 2 | **doubt** | gerund | Gerames *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | might |  |  |  | the damsel's heart |  | what *nsubj*; the damsel *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 4 | **fear** | gerund | Gerames *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **is a** | might | answer | a device |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **discover** | gerund | a device *not said here* | the truth |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truth=Topic |
| 7 | **concern** | gerund | the truth *not said here* | Huon |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus himself=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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