---
title: As they sat, the Duke came in from his hawking, and said "Who are th… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: As they sat, the Duke came in from his hawking, and said "Who are these men that are so strange to look upon?" " Who acts: sons, Duke. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the Brethren, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How It Fared With the Brethren, sentence 126

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As they sat, the Duke came in from his hawking, and said "Who are these men that are so strange to look upon?" "

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**Who acts:** sons, Duke · **What happens:** sit, come in, say, be, look · **To what, where:** hawking · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the Brethren. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sons, Duke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:5:126
# text = As they sat, the Duke came in from his hawking, and said "Who are these men that are so strange to look upon?" "
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hawking	hawking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
18	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	ccomp	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
29	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | sons *= son* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **come in** | past | the Duke |  |  | dinner's hawking |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from hawking=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | the Duke *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | Who *nsubj*; this men *nsubj*; that *nsubj*; strange *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **look** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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