---
title: And Guichard laid his spear in rest, and charged at the Earl Guyon,… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Guichard laid his spear in rest, and charged at the Earl Guyon, who was leader of the vanguard, and smote him so strongly that he fell dead to the ground. Who acts: Guichard, Earl. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How It Fared With the Brethren, sentence 37

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And Guichard laid his spear in rest, and charged at the Earl Guyon, who was leader of the vanguard, and smote him so strongly that he fell dead to the ground.

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**Who acts:** Guichard, Earl · **What happens:** lay, charge, be, smote, fall · **To what, where:** spear, rest, Earl, leader, Guichard

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the Brethren. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Guichard, Earl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:5:37
# text = And Guichard laid his spear in rest, and charged at the Earl Guyon, who was leader of the vanguard, and smote him so strongly that he fell dead to the ground.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Guichard	Guichard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	charged	charge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Earl	Earl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	Guyon	Guyon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	vanguard	vanguard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	smote	smote	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	_
31	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	xcomp	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | Guichard | Guichard's spear |  | rest |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent spear=Theme in rest=Destination |
| 2 | **charge** | participle |  |  |  | the Earl |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at earl=Trajectory |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the Earl | leader |  |  |  | of the vanguard | tree rules |
| 4 | **smote** | infinitive |  | Guichard |  |  |  | strongly *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **fall** | past | Guichard |  |  |  |  | to the ground; dead *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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