---
title: And when the men heard him so speak, they judged that he was a very… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when the men heard him so speak, they judged that he was a very gallant, noble knight. Who acts: men, King. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the Brethren, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How It Fared With the Brethren, sentence 52

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And when the men heard him so speak, they judged that he was a very gallant, noble knight.

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**Who acts:** men, King · **What happens:** hear, speak, judge, be · **To what, where:** King, gallant noble knight · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How It Fared With the Brethren. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:5:52
# text = And when the men heard him so speak, they judged that he was a very gallant, noble knight.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	judged	judge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	gallant	gallant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the men | King |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | King *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **judge** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | past | King | a gallant noble knight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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