---
title: But while he was speaking, Mawgis came upon him, so swift was the ho… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: But while he was speaking, Mawgis came upon him, so swift was the horse Bayard, and defied him. " Who acts: Ogier, Mawgis, swift. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Treachery of King John, sentence 111

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But while he was speaking, Mawgis came upon him, so swift was the horse Bayard, and defied him. "

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**Who acts:** Ogier, Mawgis, swift · **What happens:** speak, come, be, defy · **To what, where:** horse, Ogier · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ogier, Mawgis, swift), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:7:111
# text = But while he was speaking, Mawgis came upon him, so swift was the horse Bayard, and defied him. "
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	Mawgis	Mawgis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	swift	swift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
17	Bayard	Bayard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	defied	defy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · progressive | Ogier |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **come** | past | Mawgis |  |  |  |  | upon Ogier | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | past | swift | the horse |  |  |  | Bayard *appos* | tree rules |
| 4 | **defy** | past | Mawgis *not said here* | Ogier |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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