---
title: So the secretary wrote according to these words in a letter, and gav… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: So the secretary wrote according to these words in a letter, and gave the letter to a knight that he might take it to King Charles. Who acts: secretary. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John, with its dependency tre
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Treachery of King John, sentence 50

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So the secretary wrote according to these words in a letter, and gave the letter to a knight that he might take it to King Charles.

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**Who acts:** secretary · **What happens:** write, accord, give, take · **To what, where:** letter, knight, Charles

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (secretary), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:7:50
# text = So the secretary wrote according to these words in a letter, and gave the letter to a knight that he might take it to King Charles.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	secretary	secretary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	case	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod:desc	_	_
27	Charles	Charles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the secretary |  |  |  |  | accord this words in a letter | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give** | past | the secretary *not said here* | the letter | a knight |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent letter=Theme to knight=Recipient |
| 4 | **take** | might | secretary | letter | Charles  King |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to charles=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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