---
title: He sent therefore a messenger who should say to Reynaud, "The King b… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: He sent therefore a messenger who should say to Reynaud, "The King bids you yield up your castle and also your brother Richard. Who acts: King, messenger, Reynaud. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John, with its dep
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Treachery of King John, sentence 9

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He sent therefore a messenger who should say to Reynaud, "The King bids you yield up your castle and also your brother Richard.

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**Who acts:** King, messenger, Reynaud · **What happens:** send, say, bid, yield up · **To what, where:** messenger, Reynaud, castle · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, messenger, Reynaud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:7:9
# text = He sent therefore a messenger who should say to Reynaud, "The King bids you yield up your castle and also your brother Richard.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Reynaud	Reynaud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	bids	bid	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	yield	yield	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
18	up	up	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	also	also	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
25	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | King | a messenger |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | should | a messenger |  | Reynaud |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to reynaud=Recipient |
| 3 | **bid** *in a quote* | present | the King |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **yield up** *in a quote* | present | Reynaud | your castle and your brother |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent castle=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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