---
title: As for Richard he was so spent with loss of blood that he lay upon t… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: As for Richard he was so spent with loss of blood that he lay upon the ground and could render no help. Who acts: blood. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Treachery of King John, sentence 92

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As for Richard he was so spent with loss of blood that he lay upon the ground and could render no help.

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**Who acts:** blood · **What happens:** spend, lie, render · **To what, where:** Guichard, ground, help

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:7:92
# text = As for Richard he was so spent with loss of blood that he lay upon the ground and could render no help.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	3	case	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	spent	spend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
21	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	22	det	_	_
22	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past · passive |  | Guichard |  |  |  | as Richard; with loss of blood | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as richard=Attribute |
| 2 | **lie** | past | blood |  |  | the ground |  | Guichard *nsubj* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon ground=Location |
| 3 | **render** | could |  | no help |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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