---
title: Then Richard leapt upon the King, for he had been unbound, and the t… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Richard leapt upon the King, for he had been unbound, and the two wrestled together and fell to the earth. Who acts: Richard, two. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Craft of Mawgis, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Craft of Mawgis, sentence 99

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Then Richard leapt upon the King, for he had been unbound, and the two wrestled together and fell to the earth.

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**Who acts:** Richard, two · **What happens:** leapt, be, wrestle, fall

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Craft of Mawgis. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Richard, two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:8:99
# text = Then Richard leapt upon the King, for he had been unbound, and the two wrestled together and fell to the earth.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	cop	_	_
12	unbound	unbound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nsubj	_	_
17	wrestled	wrestle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
18	together	together	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | past | Richard |  |  |  | then | upon the King | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past · perfect | Richard |  |  |  |  | unbound *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **wrestle** | participle | the two |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **fall** | past | Richard *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the earth | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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