---
title: Whistles and powder-charges were fabricated from the tusks, which al… — Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Whistles and powder-charges were fabricated from the tusks, which also served a good turn for the pickaninnies to rub their swollen gums against, and to cut their first teeth upon. Who acts: tusks. A sentence of «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, O
---

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# Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular, Opening, part 13, sentence 31

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Whistles and powder-charges were fabricated from the tusks, which also served a good turn for the pickaninnies to rub their swollen gums against, and to cut their first teeth upon.

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**Who acts:** tusks · **What happens:** fabricate, serve, rub, cut · **To what, where:** Whistles, tusks, good turn, swollen gums, first teeth

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This is a sentence of «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tusks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76586:13:31
# text = Whistles and powder-charges were fabricated from the tusks, which also served a good turn for the pickaninnies to rub their swollen gums against, and to cut their first teeth upon.
1	Whistles	whistle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	charges	charge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	fabricated	fabricate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tusks	tusk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	also	also	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	served	serve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	pickaninnies	pickaninny	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	rub	rub	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	swollen	swollen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	gums	gum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
26	against	against	ADP	IN	_	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
31	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
32	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	33	amod	_	_
33	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
34	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fabricate** | past · passive |  | Whistles and powder charges |  | the tusks |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from tusk=Material |
| 2 | **serve** | past | the tusks | a good turn |  |  |  | for the pickaninnies | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent turn=Theme for pickaninny=Recipient |
| 3 | **rub** | to-infinitive | the tusks *not said here* | Whistles's swollen gums |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent gum=Theme |
| 4 | **cut** | to-infinitive |  | Whistles's first teeth |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tooth=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Project Gutenberg book 76586 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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