---
title: The next morning early they heard something across the narrows; they… — Ojibwa myths and tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The next morning early they heard something across the narrows; they looked and saw a great, big, black bear. Who acts: bear. A sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, John York’s Own Story., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ojibwa myths and tales, John York’s Own Story., sentence 6

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The next morning early they heard something across the narrows; they looked and saw a great, big, black bear.

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**Who acts:** bear · **What happens:** hear, look, see · **To what, where:** something, narrows, great big black bear

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This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, John York’s Own Story.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76755:29:6
# text = The next morning early they heard something across the narrows; they looked and saw a great, big, black bear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	across	across	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	narrows	narrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | bear | something |  | the narrows | morning | early *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |
| 2 | **look** | past | bear |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **see** | past | bear *not said here* | a great big black bear |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bear=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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