---
title: Her man was all black, and it was because he had so many close shots… — Ojibwa myths and tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Her man was all black, and it was because he had so many close shots fired at him that the gunpowder blackened him up, so that the wife only knew him by his voice when he called her. Who acts: man, gunpowder, wife. A sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Ojibwa and Mohawk. (no. 1.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/8/22/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ojibwa myths and tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/) / [Ojibwa and Mohawk. (no. 1.)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/8/) / 22

# Ojibwa myths and tales, Ojibwa and Mohawk. (no. 1.), sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her man was all black, and it was because he had so many close shots fired at him that the gunpowder blackened him up, so that the wife only knew him by his voice when he called her.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, gunpowder, wife · **What happens:** be, fire, blacken up, know, call · **To what, where:** bush, man, fire · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Ojibwa and Mohawk. (no. 1.). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, gunpowder, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76755:8:22
# text = Her man was all black, and it was because he had so many close shots fired at him that the gunpowder blackened him up, so that the wife only knew him by his voice when he called her.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	shots	shot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
17	fired	fire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	gunpowder	gunpowder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	blackened	blacken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
27	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	32	mark	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	fixed	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
31	only	only	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
33	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	by	by	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
37	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	39	advmod	_	_
38	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
39	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
40	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | fire's man |  |  |  |  | black *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fire** | past · perfect · passive |  | bush |  |  |  | at man | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme at he=Destination |
| 3 | **blacken up** | past | the gunpowder | man |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 4 | **know** | past | the wife | man |  |  |  | by man's voice | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 5 | **call** | past | man |  | fire |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/8/21/)
- next →: [sentence 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/8/23/)
- ↑ back to [Ojibwa and Mohawk. (no. 1.)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/8/)