---
title: While the new fortress was building, he raised a small mud stronghol… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: While the new fortress was building, he raised a small mud stronghold close to the spot where Shah Makai and the beautiful Painted Lady were in their old age buried side by side. Who acts: new fortress, fortress, Shah, old age. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 109

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While the new fortress was building, he raised a small mud stronghold close to the spot where Shah Makai and the beautiful Painted Lady were in their old age buried side by side.

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**Who acts:** new fortress, fortress, Shah, old age · **What happens:** build, raise, be, bury · **To what, where:** small mud stronghold, old age, side

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new fortress, fortress, Shah, old age), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:10:109
# text = While the new fortress was building, he raised a small mud stronghold close to the spot where Shah Makai and the beautiful Painted Lady were in their old age buried side by side.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	fortress	fortress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
19	Shah	Shah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
20	Makai	Makai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	Painted	Painted	PROPN	NNP	_	25	compound	_	_
25	Lady	Lady	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
26	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
29	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
31	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	acl	_	_
32	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl:unmarked	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past · progressive | the new fortress |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **raise** | past | fortress | a small mud stronghold |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stronghold=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | Shah and the beautiful Painted Lady |  |  |  | in Shah's old age |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **bury** | participle | Shah's old age *not said here* | side |  |  |  | by side | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by side=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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