---
title: The guardian of the shrine assured me that it had grown from a bit o… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: The guardian of the shrine assured me that it had grown from a bit of stick, which the saint had one day used as a toothbrush and then carelessly thrown aside. Who acts: guardian, saint. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., with its 
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 123

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The guardian of the shrine assured me that it had grown from a bit of stick, which the saint had one day used as a toothbrush and then carelessly thrown aside.

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**Who acts:** guardian, saint · **What happens:** assure, grow, have, use, throw · **To what, where:** me, stick, one day

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guardian, saint), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:10:123
# text = The guardian of the shrine assured me that it had grown from a bit of stick, which the saint had one day used as a toothbrush and then carelessly thrown aside.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guardian	guardian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shrine	shrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	assured	assure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	ccomp	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	saint	saint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
22	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
23	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	31	advmod	_	_
30	carelessly	carelessly	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
32	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assure** | past | the guardian of the shrine |  | me |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient that S»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **grow** | past · perfect | guardian |  |  |  |  | from a bit of stick | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from bit=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | past | the saint | stick |  |  | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 4 | **use** | participle |  | one day *not said here* |  |  |  | as a toothbrush | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **throw** | participle | guardian *not said here* |  |  |  | then | aside, carelessly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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