---
title: Once upon a time there ruled over the city of Brahmanabad a Hindu ki… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: Once upon a time there ruled over the city of Brahmanabad a Hindu king, called Dalu Rai (May Allah confound him!) whose wickedness is still well remembered in the land of Sind. Who acts: Hindu king. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 145

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Once upon a time there ruled over the city of Brahmanabad a Hindu king, called Dalu Rai (May Allah confound him!) whose wickedness is still well remembered in the land of Sind.

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**Who acts:** Hindu king · **What happens:** rule, call, confound, remember · **To what, where:** Hindu king, Dalu, city, wickedness, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hindu king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:10:145
# text = Once upon a time there ruled over the city of Brahmanabad a Hindu king, called Dalu Rai (May Allah confound him!) whose wickedness is still well remembered in the land of Sind.
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Brahmanabad	Brahmanabad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Hindu	hindu	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
17	Dalu	Dalu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	_
18	Rai	Rai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	May	May	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	Allah	Allah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
22	confound	confound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
26	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
29	still	still	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
30	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	31	advmod	_	_
31	remembered	remember	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Sind	Sind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past |  |  |  | there | time | once *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a Hindu king *not said here* |  |  |  | Dalu and May Allah *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **confound** | infinitive | a Hindu king | Dalu |  | the city of Brahmanabad |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 4 | **remember** | present · passive |  | wickedness |  | the land of Sind | still | well *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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