---
title: He had, however, a brother called Chota Amrani, who had given up kuf… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: He had, however, a brother called Chota Amrani, who had given up kufar or ingratitude and had won immortal happiness by embracing Islam. Who acts: king, brother. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., with its dependency tree and the p
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 146

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He had, however, a brother called Chota Amrani, who had given up kufar or ingratitude and had won immortal happiness by embracing Islam.

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**Who acts:** king, brother · **What happens:** have, call, give up, win, embrace · **To what, where:** brother, kufar, immortal happiness, Islam · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:10:146
# text = He had, however, a brother called Chota Amrani, who had given up kufar or ingratitude and had won immortal happiness by embracing Islam.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	however	however	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	Chota	Chota	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	_
10	Amrani	Amrani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	parataxis	_	_
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	kufar	kufar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	ingratitude	ingratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	won	win	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
22	immortal	immortal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	happiness	happiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	embracing	embrace	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
26	Islam	Islam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | king |  |  |  |  | a brother *conj* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a brother *not said here* |  |  |  | Chota *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give up** | past · perfect | a brother | kufar or ingratitude |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kufar=Source |
| 4 | **win** | past · perfect | a brother *not said here* | immortal happiness |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent happiness=Eventuality |
| 5 | **embrace** | gerund | a brother *not said here* | Islam |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent islam=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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