---
title: But the proud king’s heart was as hard as stone and although he hear… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: But the proud king’s heart was as hard as stone and although he heard the full tale of Shah Makai’s courtship, he refused to give his daughter to one who was not a Hindu, but a Mleccha. Who acts: heart, king, courtship. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat 
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 93

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But the proud king’s heart was as hard as stone and although he heard the full tale of Shah Makai’s courtship, he refused to give his daughter to one who was not a Hindu, but a Mleccha.

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**Who acts:** heart, king, courtship · **What happens:** be, hear, refuse, not give, not be, tell · **To what, where:** full tale, daughter, Hindu · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, king, courtship), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:10:93
# text = But the proud king’s heart was as hard as stone and although he heard the full tale of Shah Makai’s courtship, he refused to give his daughter to one who was not a Hindu, but a Mleccha.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	’s	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	as	as	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
13	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	Shah	Shah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	_
21	Makai	Makai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	’s	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
23	courtship	courtship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	iobj	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	28	obl	_	_
33	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
34	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
35	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	37	advmod	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	Hindu	Hindu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	Mleccha	Mleccha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the proud king's heart |  |  |  |  | as stone; a Mleccha *obl*; hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | past | king | the full tale of Shah's courtship |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tale=Stimulus |
| 3 | **refuse** | past | king |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **give** | to-infinitive | king *not said here* |  | king's daughter |  |  | to one | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme to one=Recipient |
| 5 | **not** **is a** | past |  | a Hindu |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **tell** |  | Shah's courtship |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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