---
title: Driven from his trenches he fell back on the great fort of Kalankot;… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: Driven from his trenches he fell back on the great fort of Kalankot; but that Akbar should not use Tatta as his base, he destroyed it and left the emperor a smouldering ruin. Who acts: Beg, Akbar. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, The Makli Hill., with its dependency t
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, The Makli Hill., sentence 81

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Driven from his trenches he fell back on the great fort of Kalankot; but that Akbar should not use Tatta as his base, he destroyed it and left the emperor a smouldering ruin.

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**Who acts:** Beg, Akbar · **What happens:** drive, fall back, not use, destroy, leave · **To what, where:** trenches, great fort, Tatta, base, emperor

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, The Makli Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beg, Akbar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:13:81
# text = Driven from his trenches he fell back on the great fort of Kalankot; but that Akbar should not use Tatta as his base, he destroyed it and left the emperor a smouldering ruin.
1	Driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	trenches	trench	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	fort	fort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Kalankot	Kalankot	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	Akbar	Akbar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
21	Tatta	Tatta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	smouldering	smouldering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle | Beg *not said here* |  |  | Beg's trenches |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent from trench=Trajectory |
| 2 | **fall back** | past | Beg |  |  | the great fort of Kalankot |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on fort=Location |
| 3 | **not** **use** | should | Akbar | Tatta |  |  |  | as Beg's base | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent tatta=Duration as base=Attribute |
| 4 | **destroy** | past | Beg | base |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 5 | **leave** | past | Beg *not said here* | the emperor |  |  |  | a smouldering ruin *obj* | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent emperor=Theme ruin=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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