---
title: The bania and his neighbours also began to dig; at last they came up… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: The bania and his neighbours also began to dig; at last they came upon the bania’s safe with his money secure inside it. Who acts: bania, neighbours, money. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Kutteji Kabar and Mausum Shah., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Kutteji Kabar and Mausum Shah., sentence 15

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The bania and his neighbours also began to dig; at last they came upon the bania’s safe with his money secure inside it.

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**Who acts:** bania, neighbours, money · **What happens:** begin, dig, come, secure · **To what, where:** last

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Kutteji Kabar and Mausum Shah.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bania, neighbours, money), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:14:15
# text = The bania and his neighbours also began to dig; at last they came upon the bania’s safe with his money secure inside it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bania	bania	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	dig	dig	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	obl	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bania	bania	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’s	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	advcl	_	_
20	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	secure	secure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
24	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the bania and bania's neighbours |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **dig** | to-infinitive | the bania and bania's neighbours *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come** | past | neighbours *= neighbour* |  |  | last |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at last=Location |
| 4 | **secure** | infinitive | bania's money |  |  |  |  | inside dog | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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