---
title: Before leaving it, he bade his hound serve its new master as faithfu… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: Before leaving it, he bade his hound serve its new master as faithfully as it had served him. Who acts: hillman, hound. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Kutteji Kabar and Mausum Shah., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Kutteji Kabar and Mausum Shah., sentence 6

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Before leaving it, he bade his hound serve its new master as faithfully as it had served him.

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**Who acts:** hillman, hound · **What happens:** leave, bade, serve · **To what, where:** dog, new master

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Kutteji Kabar and Mausum Shah.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hillman, hound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:14:6
# text = Before leaving it, he bade his hound serve its new master as faithfully as it had served him.
1	Before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	bade	bade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hound	hound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	as	as	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	faithfully	faithfully	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | gerund | hillman *not said here* | dog |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **bade** | past | hillman |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **serve** | infinitive | hillman's hound | dog's new master |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent master=Attribute |
| 4 | **serve** | past · perfect · passive |  | dog |  |  |  | hillman *obj*; faithfully *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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