---
title: As the king lifted his gold cup to his lips, he saw engraved on it t… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: As the king lifted his gold cup to his lips, he saw engraved on it the words “Do nothing without thinking deeply first.” Who acts: king. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, The Wisdom Seller., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, The Wisdom Seller., sentence 106

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As the king lifted his gold cup to his lips, he saw engraved on it the words “Do nothing without thinking deeply first.”

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** lift, engrave, do, think · **To what, where:** gold cup, lips, king, draught, nothing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, The Wisdom Seller.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:17:106
# text = As the king lifted his gold cup to his lips, he saw engraved on it the words “Do nothing without thinking deeply first.”
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	lips	lip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	engraved	engrave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
19	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
21	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	20	obj	_	_
22	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
24	deeply	deeply	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past | the king | king's gold cup |  | king's lips |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cup=Theme to lip=Destination |
| 2 | **engrave** | past · passive |  | king |  | draught |  | the words *obj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |
| 4 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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