---
title: But little imagination is required to picture the argosies of bygone… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: But little imagination is required to picture the argosies of bygone centuries sailing silently down the river past the green fields of Kushmore: or the old caravans from Kandahar with their strings of stately camels slowly emerging from the foot of the Bolan Pass on their way to Shikarpur: or the b
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Author’s Preface., sentence 19

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But little imagination is required to picture the argosies of bygone centuries sailing silently down the river past the green fields of Kushmore: or the old caravans from Kandahar with their strings of stately camels slowly emerging from the foot of the Bolan Pass on their way to Shikarpur: or the buggalas of old Nearchus nestling in the Chinna Creek in the shelter of the Oyster Rocks during the monsoon, patiently awaiting the arrival of the Great Alexander shortly to appear at the Ghizree mouth of the Indus on the conclusion of his triumphal progress through Western Asia!

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**Who acts:** bygone centuries, stately camels, old caravans, Great Alexander, Shikarpur · **What happens:** require, picture, sail, emerge, rock, await · **To what, where:** little imagination, argosies, river, foot, arrival, Ghizree mouth

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Author’s Preface.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bygone centuries, stately camels, old caravans, Great Alexander), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:2:19
# text = But little imagination is required to picture the argosies of bygone centuries sailing silently down the river past the green fields of Kushmore: or the old caravans from Kandahar with their strings of stately camels slowly emerging from the foot of the Bolan Pass on their way to Shikarpur: or the buggalas of old Nearchus nestling in the Chinna Creek in the shelter of the Oyster Rocks during the monsoon, patiently awaiting the arrival of the Great Alexander shortly to appear at the Ghizree mouth of the Indus on the conclusion of his triumphal progress through Western Asia!
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	imagination	imagination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	picture	picture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	argosies	argosy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	bygone	bygone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	silently	silently	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	down	down	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	past	past	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Kushmore	Kushmore	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	caravans	caravan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	69	nsubj	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Kandahar	Kandahar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	strings	string	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	stately	stately	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	camels	camel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	emerging	emerge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	36	acl	_	_
39	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	Bolan	Bolan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	Pass	Pass	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
46	on	on	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	_
49	to	to	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	Shikarpur	Shikarpur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	54	punct	_	_
52	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	buggalas	buggala	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	69	nsubj	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
56	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
57	Nearchus	Nearchus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	58	compound	_	_
58	nestling	nestling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nmod	_	_
59	in	in	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
61	Chinna	Chinna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	62	compound	_	_
62	Creek	Creek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	_
63	in	in	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
64	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
65	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nmod	_	_
66	of	of	ADP	IN	_	68	case	_	_
67	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	68	det	_	_
68	Oyster	oyster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	nmod	_	_
69	Rocks	rock	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
70	during	during	ADP	IN	_	72	case	_	_
71	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	72	det	_	_
72	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
74	patiently	patiently	ADV	RB	_	75	advmod	_	_
75	awaiting	await	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	69	advcl	_	_
76	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	77	det	_	_
77	arrival	arrival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	75	obj	_	_
78	of	of	ADP	IN	_	81	case	_	_
79	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	81	det	_	_
80	Great	Great	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	81	flat	_	_
81	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	77	nmod	_	_
82	shortly	shortly	ADV	RB	_	75	advmod	_	_
83	to	to	PART	TO	_	84	mark	_	_
84	appear	appear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	75	advcl	_	_
85	at	at	ADP	IN	_	88	case	_	_
86	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	88	det	_	_
87	Ghizree	Ghizree	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	88	compound	_	_
88	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	obl	_	_
89	of	of	ADP	IN	_	91	case	_	_
90	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	91	det	_	_
91	Indus	Indus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	88	nmod	_	_
92	on	on	ADP	IN	_	94	case	_	_
93	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	94	det	_	_
94	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	obl	_	_
95	of	of	ADP	IN	_	98	case	_	_
96	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	98	nmod:poss	_	_
97	triumphal	triumphal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	98	amod	_	_
98	progress	progress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	94	nmod	_	_
99	through	through	ADP	IN	_	101	case	_	_
100	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	101	amod	_	_
101	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	84	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
102	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | little imagination |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **picture** | to-infinitive |  | the argosies of bygone centuries |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent argosy=Theme |
| 3 | **sail** | gerund | bygone centuries *not said here* |  |  | the river |  | past the green fields of Kushmore; silently *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent down river=Trajectory |
| 4 | **emerge** | gerund | stately camels *not said here* |  |  | the foot of the Bolan Pass on caravans's way to Shikarpur |  | slowly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from foot=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **rock** | present | the old caravans from Kandahar with caravans's strings of stately camels |  |  |  | during the monsoon | the buggalas of old Nearchus nestling in the Chinna Creek in the shelter of the Oyster *nsubj* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **await** | gerund | the old caravans from Kandahar with caravans's strings of stately camels *not said here* | the arrival of the Great Alexander |  |  |  | patiently, shortly *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **appear** | to-infinitive | the old caravans from Kandahar with caravans's strings of stately camels *not said here* |  |  | the Ghizree mouth of the Indus |  | on the conclusion of Shikarpur's triumphal progress; through Western Asia | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at mouth=Location |
| 8 | **arrive** |  | the Great Alexander |  |  |  |  |  | nom arrival «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 9 | **conclude** |  |  | Shikarpur's triumphal progress |  |  |  |  | nom conclusion «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 10 | **progress** |  | Shikarpur |  |  |  |  |  | nom progress «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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