---
title: They had two sons already, but had long passed the age when married… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: They had two sons already, but had long passed the age when married couples hope for more children. Who acts: Ratno, married couples. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Udero Lal., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Udero Lal., sentence 6

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They had two sons already, but had long passed the age when married couples hope for more children.

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**Who acts:** Ratno, married couples · **What happens:** have, pass, marry, hope · **To what, where:** two sons, age

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Udero Lal.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ratno, married couples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:8:6
# text = They had two sons already, but had long passed the age when married couples hope for more children.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	already	already	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
10	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
14	married	marry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	couples	couple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	hope	hope	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	amod	_	_
19	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Ratno | two sons |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 2 | **pass** | past · perfect | Ratno *not said here* | the age |  |  |  | long *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme age=Trajectory |
| 3 | **marry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **hope** | present | married couples |  |  |  |  | for more children | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for child=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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