---
title: In one hand he held his shoe and then he said to the idol “O Grandmo… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: In one hand he held his shoe and then he said to the idol “O Grandmother of the Samis, drink this milk or I shall beat you with this shoe.” Who acts: Latif. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Jinda Pir., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Jinda Pir., sentence 104

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In one hand he held his shoe and then he said to the idol “O Grandmother of the Samis, drink this milk or I shall beat you with this shoe.”

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**Who acts:** Latif · **What happens:** hold, say, drink, beat · **To what, where:** shoe, one hand, idol, milk · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Jinda Pir.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Latif), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:9:104
# text = In one hand he held his shoe and then he said to the idol “O Grandmother of the Samis, drink this milk or I shall beat you with this shoe.”
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	idol	idol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	17	case	_	_
17	Grandmother	Grandmother	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Samis	sami	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
23	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	beat	beat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	32	det	_	_
32	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | Latif | Latif's shoe |  | one hand |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme in hand=Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Latif |  | the idol |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to idol=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **drink** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | this milk |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Patient |
| 4 | **beat** *in a quote* | shall | Latif | the idol *= idol* |  |  |  | with this shoe | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent you=Patient with shoe=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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