---
title: But the latter prayed to Sayad Mahmad Massum Shah and with his aid a… — Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat · tree and pragmatics
description: But the latter prayed to Sayad Mahmad Massum Shah and with his aid and his own sanctity, he tamed the snake and kept it in a cage, as a trophy of his victory. Who acts: latter, Shah. A sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Jinda Pir., with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Jinda Pir., sentence 161

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But the latter prayed to Sayad Mahmad Massum Shah and with his aid and his own sanctity, he tamed the snake and kept it in a cage, as a trophy of his victory.

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**Who acts:** latter, Shah · **What happens:** pray, tame, keep · **To what, where:** Sayad Massum Shah, snake, sanctity, cage

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Jinda Pir.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (latter, Shah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg76982:9:161
# text = But the latter prayed to Sayad Mahmad Massum Shah and with his aid and his own sanctity, he tamed the snake and kept it in a cage, as a trophy of his victory.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
4	prayed	pray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	Sayad	Sayad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
7	Mahmad	Mahmad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
8	Massum	Massum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Shah	Shah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	sanctity	sanctity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	tamed	tame	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	as	as	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	trophy	trophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	parataxis	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | past | the latter |  | Sayad Massum Shah and Shah's aid and Shah's own sanctity |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **tame** | past | Shah | the snake |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent snake=Patient |
| 3 | **keep** | past | Shah *not said here* | sanctity |  | a cage |  | a trophy of Shah's victory *parataxis* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in cage=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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