---
title: Yet, from these apocryphal sources, the most legitimate and accredit… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Yet, from these apocryphal sources, the most legitimate and accredited Spanish histories have taken their rise, as pure rivers may be traced up to the fens and mantled pools of a morass. Who acts: sources. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Opening, with its depen
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Opening, sentence 14

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Yet, from these apocryphal sources, the most legitimate and accredited Spanish histories have taken their rise, as pure rivers may be traced up to the fens and mantled pools of a morass.

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**Who acts:** sources · **What happens:** accredit, take, trace up, mantle, rise · **To what, where:** Spanish histories, pure rivers, pools

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sources), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:1:14
# text = Yet, from these apocryphal sources, the most legitimate and accredited Spanish histories have taken their rise, as pure rivers may be traced up to the fens and mantled pools of a morass.
1	Yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	apocryphal	apocryphal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	10	advmod	_	_
10	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	accredited	accredit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	histories	history	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	rise	rise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
21	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	traced	trace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
26	up	up	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	fens	fen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	mantled	mantle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
32	pools	pool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	morass	morass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accredit** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | present · perfect · passive |  | Spanish histories |  |  |  | sources's rise *obj* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme rise=Destination |
| 3 | **trace up** | may · passive |  | pure rivers |  |  |  | to the fens | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **mantle** | past |  | pools of a morass |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent pool=Destination |
| 6 | **rise** |  | sources *= source* |  |  |  |  |  | nom rise «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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