---
title: The Spaniards, in all ages, have been of swelling and braggart spiri… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The Spaniards, in all ages, have been of swelling and braggart spirit, soaring in thought, pompous in word, and valiant, though vainglorious, in deed. Who acts: Spaniards, swelling spirit. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Opening, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Opening, sentence 18

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The Spaniards, in all ages, have been of swelling and braggart spirit, soaring in thought, pompous in word, and valiant, though vainglorious, in deed.

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**Who acts:** Spaniards, swelling spirit · **What happens:** be, soar

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spaniards, swelling spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:1:18
# text = The Spaniards, in all ages, have been of swelling and braggart spirit, soaring in thought, pompous in word, and valiant, though vainglorious, in deed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Spaniards	Spaniard	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	cop	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	swelling	swelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	braggart	braggart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	soaring	soar	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	pompous	pompous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	vainglorious	vainglorious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	deed	deed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · perfect | the Spaniards in all ages |  |  |  |  | of swelling spirit | tree rules |
| 2 | **soar** | gerund | swelling spirit *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in thought | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in thought=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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