---
title: “You speak doubtingly,” said he, “of the words of this Christian cav… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “You speak doubtingly,” said he, “of the words of this Christian cavalier, but their truth is easily to be ascertained. Who acts: You, delight. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter IX., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter IX., sentence 26

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“You speak doubtingly,” said he, “of the words of this Christian cavalier, but their truth is easily to be ascertained.

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**Who acts:** You, delight · **What happens:** speak, say, be, word · **To what, where:** truth, Christian cavalier · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter IX.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, delight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:10:26
# text = “You speak doubtingly,” said he, “of the words of this Christian cavalier, but their truth is easily to be ascertained.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
4	doubtingly	doubtingly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
16	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	cavalier	cavalier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:outer	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
23	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	ascertained	ascertain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | You |  |  |  |  | doubtingly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | delight |  |  |  |  | of the words of this Christian cavalier | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | words's truth |  |  |  | ascertain, easily *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **word** *in a quote* |  |  | this Christian cavalier |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter IX.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/10/)