---
title: So the Caliph sent missives to Muza, authorising him to undertake th… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: So the Caliph sent missives to Muza, authorising him to undertake the conquest. Who acts: Caliph. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 14

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So the Caliph sent missives to Muza, authorising him to undertake the conquest.

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**Who acts:** Caliph · **What happens:** send, authorise, undertake · **To what, where:** missives, Muza, conquest

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:11:14
# text = So the Caliph sent missives to Muza, authorising him to undertake the conquest.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Caliph	Caliph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	missives	missive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Muza	Muza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	authorising	authorise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	undertake	undertake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	conquest	conquest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the Caliph | missives | Muza |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent missive=Theme to muza=Destination |
| 2 | **authorise** | gerund | the Caliph *not said here* | Muza |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **undertake** | to-infinitive | the Caliph *not said here* | the conquest |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent conquest=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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