---
title: Upon this there was a great stir of preparation; and numerous vessel… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Upon this there was a great stir of preparation; and numerous vessels were assembled and equipped at Tangier, to convey the invading army across the Straits. Who acts: great stir. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition o
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 15

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Upon this there was a great stir of preparation; and numerous vessels were assembled and equipped at Tangier, to convey the invading army across the Straits.

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**Who acts:** great stir · **What happens:** be, assemble, equip, convey, invade, stir · **To what, where:** this, numerous vessels, Tangier, invading army, Straits, preparation

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great stir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:11:15
# text = Upon this there was a great stir of preparation; and numerous vessels were assembled and equipped at Tangier, to convey the invading army across the Straits.
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stir	stir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	preparation	preparation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	equipped	equip	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Tangier	Tangier	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	convey	convey	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	invading	invade	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	amod	_	_
25	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	across	across	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Straits	Strait	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a great stir of preparation |  |  | this; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon this=Location |
| 2 | **assemble** | past · passive |  | numerous vessels |  |  |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **equip** | participle |  |  |  | Tangier |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **convey** | to-infinitive |  | the invading army |  | the Straits |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent army=Topic |
| 5 | **invade** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **stir** |  |  | preparation |  |  |  |  | nom stir «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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