---
title: As Taric advanced against this promontory, he was opposed by a hasty… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: As Taric advanced against this promontory, he was opposed by a hasty levy of the Christians, who had assembled under the banner of a Gothic noble of great power and importance, whose domains lay along the mountainous coast of the Mediterranean. Who acts: Taric, hasty levy, domains. A sentence of «Le
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 41

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As Taric advanced against this promontory, he was opposed by a hasty levy of the Christians, who had assembled under the banner of a Gothic noble of great power and importance, whose domains lay along the mountainous coast of the Mediterranean.

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**Who acts:** Taric, hasty levy, domains · **What happens:** advance, oppose, assemble, lay, levy · **To what, where:** Taric, banner, mountainous coast, Christians

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Taric, hasty levy, domains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:11:41
# text = As Taric advanced against this promontory, he was opposed by a hasty levy of the Christians, who had assembled under the banner of a Gothic noble of great power and importance, whose domains lay along the mountainous coast of the Mediterranean.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	Taric	Taric	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	advanced	advance	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	opposed	oppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	hasty	hasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	levy	levy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	acl	_	_
22	under	under	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	banner	banner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	Gothic	gothic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	noble	noble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	importance	importance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	domains	domain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nsubj	_	_
37	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	_
38	along	along	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **advance** | past | Taric |  |  |  |  | against this promontory | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **oppose** | past · passive | a hasty levy of the Christians | Taric |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **assemble** | past · perfect | a hasty levy of the Christians |  |  | the banner of a Gothic noble of great power and importance |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lay** | present | domains |  |  | the mountainous coast of the Mediterranean |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent along coast=Destination |
| 5 | **levy** |  |  | the Christians |  |  |  |  | nom levy «possession transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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