--- title: He was, at length, obliged to retreat; and Taric advanced, and plant… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: He was, at length, obliged to retreat; and Taric advanced, and planted his standard on the rock of Calpe, and fortified it as his stronghold, and as the means of securing an entrance into the land. Who acts: Theodomir, Taric, the. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/45/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second E…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/) / 45 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 45 He was, at length, obliged to retreat; and Taric advanced, and planted his standard on the rock of Calpe, and fortified it as his stronghold, and as the means of securing an entrance into the land. **Who acts:** Theodomir, Taric, the · **What happens:** be, oblige, retreat, advance, plant, fortify · **To what, where:** length, standard, rock, entrance This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Theodomir, Taric, the), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:11:45 # text = He was, at length, obliged to retreat; and Taric advanced, and planted his standard on the rock of Calpe, and fortified it as his stronghold, and as the means of securing an entrance into the land. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 length length NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 obliged oblige VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 retreat retreat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 Taric Taric PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 13 advanced advance VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 planted plant VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 standard standard NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 on on ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Calpe Calpe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 fortified fortify VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 as as ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 stronghold stronghold NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 33 as as SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 nsubj _ _ 35 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 36 of of SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ _ 37 securing secure VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 advcl _ _ 38 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 entrance entrance NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 40 into into ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Theodomir | | | length | | | tree rules | | 2 | **oblige** | participle | | length *not said here* | | | | | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Result | | 3 | **retreat** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 4 | **advance** | past | Taric | | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **plant** | past | Taric *not said here* | Theodomir's standard | | the rock of Calpe | | | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent standard=Theme on rock=Destination | | 6 | **fortify** | past | Taric *not said here* | standard | | | | as Theodomir's stronghold | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme it=Recipient | | 7 | **mean** | present | the | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **secure** | gerund | the *not said here* | a entrance | | | | into the land | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent entrance=Patient into land=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/44/) - next →: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/46/) - ↑ back to [Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/)