---
title: The traitor knight was stung with rage at these words, for truth ren… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The traitor knight was stung with rage at these words, for truth rendered them piercing to the heart. Who acts: truth. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 21

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The traitor knight was stung with rage at these words, for truth rendered them piercing to the heart.

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**Who acts:** truth · **What happens:** sting, render, pierce · **To what, where:** traitor knight, words

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:12:21
# text = The traitor knight was stung with rage at these words, for truth rendered them piercing to the heart.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	traitor	traitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	stung	sting	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	rendered	render	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	piercing	pierce	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | past · passive |  | the traitor knight |  | this words |  | with rage | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Experiencer with rage=Instrument |
| 2 | **render** | past | truth | words *= word* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **pierce** | gerund | truth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the heart | vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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