--- title: Let yon hoary apostate look to himself to-morrow in the battle, for… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: Let yon hoary apostate look to himself to-morrow in the battle, for I pledge myself to use my lance upon no other foe until it has shed his blood upon the native soil he has betrayed.” Who acts: you, yon, I, God. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI., wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Chapter XI.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/) / 24 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 24 Let yon hoary apostate look to himself to-morrow in the battle, for I pledge myself to use my lance upon no other foe until it has shed his blood upon the native soil he has betrayed.” **Who acts:** you, yon, I, God · **What happens:** let, look, pledge, use, shed, betray · **To what, where:** yon, God, battle, myself, lance, native soil This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, yon, I, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:12:24 # text = Let yon hoary apostate look to himself to-morrow in the battle, for I pledge myself to use my lance upon no other foe until it has shed his blood upon the native soil he has betrayed.” 1 Let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 yon yon NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 3 hoary hoary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 apostate apostate NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 5 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 5 obl _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ SpaceAfter=No 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 8 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 morrow morrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 for for SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 16 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 pledge pledge VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 18 myself myself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 17 obj _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 use use VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl _ _ 21 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 lance lance NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 upon upon ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 26 det _ _ 25 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 foe foe NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 27 until until SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 shed shed VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 advcl _ _ 31 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 33 upon upon ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 native native ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 betrayed betray VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 36 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 ” " PUNCT '' _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | yon and hoary apostate | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **look** | infinitive | yon and hoary apostate *not said here* | | God | the battle | | to morrow | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to himself=Theme | | 3 | **pledge** | present | I | myself | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent myself=Theme | | 4 | **use** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my lance | | | | upon no other foe | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lance=Patient | | 5 | **shed** | present · perfect · passive | | lance | | | | upon the native soil; God's blood *obj* | tree rules | | 6 | **betray** | present · perfect | God | the native soil *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/23/) - next →: [sentence 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/25/) - ↑ back to [Chapter XI.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/)