---
title: “Be of good cheer,” said he: “Allah is with us, and has sent his pro… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “Be of good cheer,” said he: “Allah is with us, and has sent his prophet to give assurance of his aid. Who acts: good cheer, cheer, aid. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/33/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Chapter XI.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/) / 33

# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 33

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Be of good cheer,” said he: “Allah is with us, and has sent his prophet to give assurance of his aid.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** good cheer, cheer, aid · **What happens:** be, say, send, give, assure · **To what, where:** prophet, assurance · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good cheer, cheer, aid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:12:33
# text = “Be of good cheer,” said he: “Allah is with us, and has sent his prophet to give assurance of his aid.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cheer	cheer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Allah	Allah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
24	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of good cheer | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | good cheer |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | cheer |  |  |  |  | with us; Allah *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 4 | **send** *in a quote* | present · perfect | good cheer *not said here* | Allah's prophet |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prophet=Theme |
| 5 | **give** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | good cheer *not said here* | assurance of Allah's aid |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assurance=Theme |
| 6 | **assure** *in a quote* |  | Allah's aid |  |  |  |  |  | nom assurance «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/32/)
- next →: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/34/)
- ↑ back to [Chapter XI.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/)