---
title: I have heard the Emir Bahamet, and other ancient men, describe the p… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: I have heard the Emir Bahamet, and other ancient men, describe the prophet, whom they had seen many times while on earth, and such was his form and lineament. Who acts: I, other ancient men, men. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI., with its dependency 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 36

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I have heard the Emir Bahamet, and other ancient men, describe the prophet, whom they had seen many times while on earth, and such was his form and lineament.

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**Who acts:** I, other ancient men, men · **What happens:** hear, describe, see, be · **To what, where:** Emir Bahamet, prophet, such form

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, other ancient men, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:12:36
# text = I have heard the Emir Bahamet, and other ancient men, describe the prophet, whom they had seen many times while on earth, and such was his form and lineament.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Emir	Emir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Bahamet	Bahamet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	describe	describe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	obj	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
21	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl:unmarked	_	_
23	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
28	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	lineament	lineament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present · perfect | I | the Emir Bahamet |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer bahamet=Stimulus |
| 2 | **describe** | infinitive | other ancient men | the prophet |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent prophet=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | past · perfect | men *= man* |  |  |  | time | whom *obj*; earth *advcl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is a** | past |  | Scarce's such form and lineament |  |  |  | Scarce *nmod:poss*; lineament *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter XI.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/)