---
title: Many nobles, it is true, took the field with the sumptuous array wit… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Many nobles, it is true, took the field with the sumptuous array with which they had been accustomed to appear at tournaments and jousts; but most of their vassals were destitute of weapons, and cased in cuirasses of leather, or suits of armour almost consumed by rust. Who acts: Many nobles, most. A
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 5

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Many nobles, it is true, took the field with the sumptuous array with which they had been accustomed to appear at tournaments and jousts; but most of their vassals were destitute of weapons, and cased in cuirasses of leather, or suits of armour almost consumed by rust.

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**Who acts:** Many nobles, most · **What happens:** be, take, accustom, appear, destitute, case · **To what, where:** field, nobles, tournaments, suits, cuirasses

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many nobles, most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:12:5
# text = Many nobles, it is true, took the field with the sumptuous array with which they had been accustomed to appear at tournaments and jousts; but most of their vassals were destitute of weapons, and cased in cuirasses of leather, or suits of armour almost consumed by rust.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	nobles	noble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	sumptuous	sumptuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	array	array	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	obl	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	accustomed	accustom	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	appear	appear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	tournaments	tournament	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	jousts	joust	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
28	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
29	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	34	nsubj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	vassals	vassal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
33	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	destitute	destitute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	cased	case	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	34	conj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	cuirasses	cuirass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	suits	suit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	_
49	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
50	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	46	acl	_	_
51	by	by	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	rust	rust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Many nobles |  |  |  |  | armour *nsubj*; true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | past | Many nobles *not said here* | the field |  |  |  | with the sumptuous array | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Theme |
| 3 | **accustom** | past · perfect · passive |  | nobles *= noble* |  |  |  | with the sumptuous array | tree rules |
| 4 | **appear** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | tournaments and jousts |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at tournament=Location |
| 5 | **destitute** | past | most of nobles's vassals |  |  |  |  | of weapons | tree rules |
| 6 | **case** | participle | most of nobles's vassals *not said here* | suits of armour |  | cuirasses of leather |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in cuirass=Destination |
| 7 | **consume** | participle |  | suits of armour *not said here* |  |  |  | by rust; almost *property* | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter XI.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/)