---
title: The prince, however, commanded them to charge; upon which, putting s… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The prince, however, commanded them to charge; upon which, putting spurs to their steeds, they rushed upon the foe. Who acts: prince, cavaliers. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 18

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The prince, however, commanded them to charge; upon which, putting spurs to their steeds, they rushed upon the foe.

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**Who acts:** prince, cavaliers · **What happens:** command, charge, put, rush · **To what, where:** cavaliers, spurs, foe · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, cavaliers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:13:18
# text = The prince, however, commanded them to charge; upon which, putting spurs to their steeds, they rushed upon the foe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	however	however	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	charge	charge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
15	spurs	spur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	steeds	steed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
22	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	foe	foe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **command** | past | the prince | cavaliers *= cavalier* |  |  |  | however *property* | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **charge** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  | which *obj* | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location which=Theme |
| 3 | **put** | gerund | the prince *not said here* | spurs |  |  |  | to cavaliers's steeds | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent spur=Goal |
| 4 | **rush** | past | cavaliers *= cavalier* |  |  | the foe |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon foe=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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