---
title: The foremost among these recreant warriors was the renegado cavalier… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The foremost among these recreant warriors was the renegado cavalier whom Theodomir had challenged in the tent of Taric. Who acts: Theodomir. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 23

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The foremost among these recreant warriors was the renegado cavalier whom Theodomir had challenged in the tent of Taric.

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**Who acts:** Theodomir · **What happens:** be, challenge · **To what, where:** foremost renegado cavalier, tent

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Theodomir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:13:23
# text = The foremost among these recreant warriors was the renegado cavalier whom Theodomir had challenged in the tent of Taric.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	foremost	foremost	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
3	among	among	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	recreant	recreant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	renegado	renegado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	cavalier	cavalier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
12	Theodomir	Theodomir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	challenged	challenge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Taric	Taric	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | the foremost renegado cavalier |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **challenge** | past · perfect | Theodomir | the foremost renegado cavalier |  | the tent of Taric |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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