---
title: The prince sank to the earth, covered with wounds, and exhausted by… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The prince sank to the earth, covered with wounds, and exhausted by the loss of blood. Who acts: prince. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 49

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The prince sank to the earth, covered with wounds, and exhausted by the loss of blood.

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**Who acts:** prince · **What happens:** sink, cover, exhaust · **To what, where:** earth

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:13:49
# text = The prince sank to the earth, covered with wounds, and exhausted by the loss of blood.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wounds	wound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sink** | past | the prince |  |  |  |  | to the earth | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cover** | participle |  | the earth *not said here* |  |  |  | with wounds | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with wound=Theme |
| 3 | **exhaust** | participle | the prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the loss of blood | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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