---
title: The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as th… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains. Who acts: inhabitants. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderi
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 2

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The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

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**Who acts:** inhabitants · **What happens:** gather, apply, lay down · **To what, where:** gates, inhabitants, public fountains

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:14:2
# text = The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	around	around	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	applied	apply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
22	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	21	obj	_	_
23	down	down	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	parataxis	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	wounded	wounded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	fountains	fountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | the inhabitants of the towns and villages |  |  |  |  | around villages *= village* | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **apply** | past | inhabitants *= inhabitant* |  |  | inhabitants's gates |  | for food | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for food=Eventuality |
| 3 | **lay down** | past | the inhabitants of the towns and villages *not said here* | inhabitants *= inhabitant* |  | the public fountains |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme beside fountain=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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