---
title: The Gothic nobles appeared in burnished armour, curiously inlaid, an… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The Gothic nobles appeared in burnished armour, curiously inlaid, and adorned with chains and jewels of gold, and ornaments of precious stones, and silken scarfs, and surcoats of brocade, or velvet richly embroidered; betraying the luxury and ostentation with which they had declined from the iron ha
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 28

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The Gothic nobles appeared in burnished armour, curiously inlaid, and adorned with chains and jewels of gold, and ornaments of precious stones, and silken scarfs, and surcoats of brocade, or velvet richly embroidered; betraying the luxury and ostentation with which they had declined from the iron hardihood of their warlike sires.

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**Who acts:** Gothic nobles, noble · **What happens:** appear, burnish, inlay, adorn, velvet, embroider · **To what, where:** ornaments, burnished armour, luxury, iron hardihood

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gothic nobles, noble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:14:28
# text = The Gothic nobles appeared in burnished armour, curiously inlaid, and adorned with chains and jewels of gold, and ornaments of precious stones, and silken scarfs, and surcoats of brocade, or velvet richly embroidered; betraying the luxury and ostentation with which they had declined from the iron hardihood of their warlike sires.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Gothic	gothic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	nobles	noble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	burnished	burnish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	curiously	curiously	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	inlaid	inlay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	adorned	adorn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	jewels	jewel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	ornaments	ornament	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	silken	silken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	scarfs	scarf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	surcoats	surcoat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	brocade	brocade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	velvet	velvet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
38	richly	richly	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
39	embroidered	embroider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	37	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
41	betraying	betray	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	ostentation	ostentation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
46	with	with	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	50	obl	_	_
48	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
49	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
50	declined	decline	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	45	acl:relcl	_	_
51	from	from	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
53	iron	iron	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	54	amod	_	_
54	hardihood	hardihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
56	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	58	nmod:poss	_	_
57	warlike	warlike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	sires	sire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | the Gothic nobles | ornaments of precious stones |  | burnished armour |  | silken scarfs and surcoats of brocade *obl* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in armour=Location |
| 2 | **burnish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **inlay** | participle | the Gothic nobles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | curiously *property* | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **adorn** | participle | the Gothic nobles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with chains and jewels of gold | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with chain=Theme |
| 5 | **velvet** | infinitive | the Gothic nobles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **embroider** | participle | the Gothic nobles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | richly *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **betray** | gerund | the Gothic nobles *not said here* | the luxury and ostentation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **decline** | past · perfect | noble |  |  | the iron hardihood of noble's warlike sires |  | with ostentation | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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