---
title: He addressed them in words calculated to touch their hearts and anim… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: He addressed them in words calculated to touch their hearts and animate their courage. Who acts: king. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 36

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He addressed them in words calculated to touch their hearts and animate their courage.

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** address, calculate, touch, animate · **To what, where:** troops, words, hearts, courage

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:14:36
# text = He addressed them in words calculated to touch their hearts and animate their courage.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	addressed	address	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	calculated	calculate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	hearts	heart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	animate	animate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **address** | past | king | troops |  | words |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Destination |
| 2 | **calculate** | participle |  | words *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **touch** | to-infinitive |  | troops's hearts |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heart=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **animate** | present |  | troops's courage |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent courage=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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